Evaluation of unidirectional background push content download services for the delivery of television programs

Este trabajo de tesis presenta los servicios de descarga de contenido en modo push como un mecanismo eficiente para el envío de contenido de televisión pre-producido sobre redes de difusión. Hoy en día, los operadores de red dedican una cantidad considerable de recursos de red a la entrega en vivo de contenido televisivo, tanto sobre redes de difusión como sobre conexiones unidireccionales. Esta oferta de servicios responde únicamente a requisitos comerciales: disponer de los contenidos televisivos en cualquier momento y lugar. Sin embargo, desde un punto de vista estrictamente académico, el envío en vivo es únicamente un requerimiento para el contenido en vivo, no para contenidos que ya han sido producidos con anterioridad a su emisión. Más aún, la difusión es solo eficiente cuando el contenido es suficientemente popular. Los servicios bajo estudio en esta tesis utilizan capacidad residual en redes de difusión para enviar contenido pre-producido para que se almacene en los equipos de usuario. La propuesta se justifica únicamente por su eficiencia. Por un lado, genera valor de recursos de red que no se aprovecharían de otra manera. Por otro lado, realiza la entrega de contenidos pre-producidos y populares de la manera más eficiente: sobre servicios de descarga de contenidos en difusión. Los resultados incluyen modelos para la popularidad y la duración de contenidos, valiosos para cualquier trabajo de investigación basados en la entrega de contenidos televisivos. Además, la tesis evalúa la capacidad residual disponible en redes de difusión, por medio de estudios empíricos. Después, estos resultados son utilizados en simulaciones que evalúan las prestaciones de los servicios propuestos en escenarios diferentes y para aplicaciones diferentes. La evaluación demuestra que este tipo de servicios son un recurso muy útil para la entrega de contenido televisivo.This thesis dissertation presents background push Content Download Services as an efficient mechanism to deliver pre-produced television content through existing broadcast networks. Nowadays, network operators dedicate a considerable amount of network resources to live streaming live, through both broadcast and unicast connections. This service offering responds solely to commercial requirements: Content must be available anytime and anywhere. However, from a strictly academic point of view, live streaming is only a requirement for live content and not for pre-produced content. Moreover, broadcasting is only efficient when the content is sufficiently popular. The services under study in this thesis use residual capacity in broadcast networks to push popular, pre-produced content to storage capacity in customer premises equipment. The proposal responds only to efficiency requirements. On one hand, it creates value from network resources otherwise unused. On the other hand, it delivers popular pre-produced content in the most efficient way: through broadcast download services. The results include models for the popularity and the duration of television content, valuable for any research work dealing with file-based delivery of television content. Later, the thesis evaluates the residual capacity available in broadcast networks through empirical studies. These results are used in simulations to evaluate the performance of background push content download services in different scenarios and for different applications. The evaluation proves that this kind of services can become a great asset for the delivery of television contentFraile Gil, F. (2013). Evaluation of unidirectional background push content download services for the delivery of television programs [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/31656TESI

Diseño e Implementación de un Servicio de TV/Cachecasting a móviles sobre DVB-H

[ES] En este trabajo se presenta la arquitectura de un servicio de descarga de programas de televisión (TV/Cachecasting) a terminales móviles sobre redes IP multicast DVB-H. Los resultados obtenidos muestran el tiempo medio de acceso a los archivos para varias disciplinas de envío de ficheros en el servidor y las prestaciones de algoritmos de gestión de caché que utilizan un modelo de las preferencias de los usuarios para implementar políticas de reemplazo en memoria. Además, se proporcionan guías de implementación para el despliegue de este tipo de servicios.[EN] This work presents the architecture of a TV program download service to mobile terminals (TV/Cachecasting) over IP multicast DVB-H Networks. Results show the overall access time to programs for different server policies and the performance of cache management algorithms that use models of the user preferences to implement cache replacement policies. Furthermore, this work provides implementation guidelines for the deployment of this kind of services.Fraile Gil, F. (2009). Diseño e Implementación de un Servicio de TV/Cachecasting a móviles sobre DVB-H. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/27345.Archivo delegad

Industrial Data Services for Quality Control in Smart Manufacturing - the i4Q Framework

[EN] This paper presents a new innovative framework to support smart manufacturing quality assurance. More specifically, the i4Q framework provides an IoT-based Reliable Industrial Data Services (RIDS), a complete suite consisting of 22 innovative Solutions, able to manage the huge amount of industrial data coming from cheap cost-effective, smart, and small size interconnected factory devices for supporting manufacturing online monitoring and control. The i4Q Framework guarantees data reliability with functions grouped into five basic capabilities around the data cycle: sensing, communication, computing infrastructure, storage, and analysis-optimization. i4Q RIDS includes simulation and optimization tools for manufacturing line continuous process qualification, quality diagnosis, reconfiguration and certification for ensuring high manufacturing efficiency, leading to an integrated approach to zero-defect manufacturing. This paper presents the main principles of the i4Q framework and the relevant industrial case studies on which it will be evaluated.This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 958205Karakostas, A.; Poler, R.; Fraile Gil, F.; Vrochidis, S. (2021). Industrial Data Services for Quality Control in Smart Manufacturing - the i4Q Framework. IEEE. 454-457. https://doi.org/10.1109/MetroInd4.0IoT51437.2021.948849045445

Reference Models for Digital Manufacturing Platforms

[EN] This paper presents an integrated reference model for digital manufacturing platforms, based on cutting edge reference models for the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) systems. Digital manufacturing platforms use IIoT systems in combination with other added-value services to support manufacturing processes at different levels (e.g., design, engineering, operations planning, and execution). Digital manufacturing platforms form complex multi-sided ecosystems, involving different stakeholders ranging from supply chain collaborators to Information Technology (IT) providers. This research analyses prominent reference models for IIoT systems to align the definitions they contain and determine to what extent they are complementary and applicable to digital manufacturing platforms. Based on this analysis, the Industrial Internet Integrated Reference Model (I3RM) for digital manufacturing platforms is presented, together with general recommendations that can be applied to the architectural definition of any digital manufacturing platform.This work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 825631 and from the Operational Program of the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) of the Valencian Community 2014-2020 IDIFEDER/2018/025.Fraile Gil, F.; Sanchis, R.; Poler, R.; Ortiz Bas, Á. (2019). Reference Models for Digital Manufacturing Platforms. Applied Sciences. 9(20):1-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9204433S125920Pedone, G., & Mezgár, I. (2018). Model similarity evidence and interoperability affinity in cloud-ready Industry 4.0 technologies. Computers in Industry, 100, 278-286. doi:10.1016/j.compind.2018.05.003Mehrpouya, M., Dehghanghadikolaei, A., Fotovvati, B., Vosooghnia, A., Emamian, S. S., & Gisario, A. (2019). The Potential of Additive Manufacturing in the Smart Factory Industrial 4.0: A Review. Applied Sciences, 9(18), 3865. doi:10.3390/app9183865Tran, Park, Nguyen, & Hoang. (2019). Development of a Smart Cyber-Physical Manufacturing System in the Industry 4.0 Context. Applied Sciences, 9(16), 3325. doi:10.3390/app9163325Fernandez-Carames, T. M., & Fraga-Lamas, P. (2019). A Review on the Application of Blockchain to the Next Generation of Cybersecure Industry 4.0 Smart Factories. IEEE Access, 7, 45201-45218. doi:10.1109/access.2019.2908780Moghaddam, M., Cadavid, M. N., Kenley, C. R., & Deshmukh, A. V. (2018). Reference architectures for smart manufacturing: A critical review. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 49, 215-225. doi:10.1016/j.jmsy.2018.10.006Sutherland, W., & Jarrahi, M. H. (2018). The sharing economy and digital platforms: A review and research agenda. International Journal of Information Management, 43, 328-341. doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2018.07.004Corradi, A., Foschini, L., Giannelli, C., Lazzarini, R., Stefanelli, C., Tortonesi, M., & Virgilli, G. (2019). Smart Appliances and RAMI 4.0: Management and Servitization of Ice Cream Machines. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 15(2), 1007-1016. doi:10.1109/tii.2018.2867643Gerrikagoitia, J. K., Unamuno, G., Urkia, E., & Serna, A. (2019). Digital Manufacturing Platforms in the Industry 4.0 from Private and Public Perspectives. Applied Sciences, 9(14), 2934. doi:10.3390/app9142934Digital Manufacturing Platforms, Factories 4.0 and beyondhttps://www.effra.eu/digital-manufacturing-platformsZero Defect Manufacturing Platform Project 2019https://www.zdmp.eu/Zezulka, F., Marcon, P., Vesely, I., & Sajdl, O. (2016). Industry 4.0 – An Introduction in the phenomenon. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 49(25), 8-12. doi:10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.12.002Announcing the IoT Industrie 4.0 Reference Architecturehttps://www.ibm.com/cloud/blog/announcements/iot-industrie-40-reference-architectureVelásquez, N., Estevez, E., & Pesado, P. (2018). Cloud Computing, Big Data and the Industry 4.0 Reference Architectures. Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 18(03), e29. doi:10.24215/16666038.18.e29Pisching, M. A., Pessoa, M. A. O., Junqueira, F., dos Santos Filho, D. J., & Miyagi, P. E. (2018). An architecture based on RAMI 4.0 to discover equipment to process operations required by products. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 125, 574-591. doi:10.1016/j.cie.2017.12.029Calvin, T. (1983). Quality Control Techniques for «Zero Defects». IEEE Transactions on Components, Hybrids, and Manufacturing Technology, 6(3), 323-328. doi:10.1109/tchmt.1983.113617

Evaluation of background push content download services to mobile devices over DVB networks

© 2014 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.This paper proposes a multicast content download service based on the use of residual network capacity to push multimedia content to available local storage in personal multimedia devices. The service under study is based on the FLUTE protocol. Specifically, FLUTE packets fill the spare capacity in the IP tunnels reserved for the primary streaming service (opportunistic insertion). The paper also evaluates the use of AL-FEC parity to overcome transmission errors,object multiplexing to send the most popular multimedia contents more frequently and cache management policies that consider user preferences in order to keep in storage the most useful items. The service has been evaluated through simulations and measurements performed with an application prototype based on the DVB-H standards. The results show that AL-FEC enables the use of residual capacity for background content download services. In turn, AL-FEC, as well as object multiplexing, improves the relation between the number of content items and the overall access time. Moreover, results show that high percentages of requests can be served from the local cache of the service, provided that it is possible to estimate the popularity of content items and the user preferences.This work was supported by the PAID-05-12 program of the UniversitatPolitecnica de Valencia.Fraile Gil, F.; De Fez Lava, I.; Guerri Cebollada, JC. (2014). Evaluation of background push content download services to mobile devices over DVB networks. IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting. 60(1):1-15. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBC.2013.2289639S11560

La didáctica de la alineación de los procesos de producción en planta y la información a través de la herramienta MESView

[EN] This paper presents the experience in using a manufacturing execution system, called MESView, for practical sessions of the course in Information Systems belonging to Master’s Degree in Organisational and Logistics Engineering at UPV. Through a simple example based on a company belonging to food industrial sector, different system utilities of the selected manufacturing execution system, its parametrization, as well as the register of manufacturing orders and the analysis of historical data based on a real case.[ES] En este trabajo se presenta la experiencia en el uso de un sistema de ejecución de fabricación, denominado MESView, para las sesiones prácticas de la asignatura Sistemas de Información del Máster Universitario de Ingeniería de Organización y Logística de la UPV. A través de un ejemplo sencillo basado en una empresa del sector de la industria alimentaria se presentan las utilidades del sistema de apoyo a la ejecución de fabricación seleccionado, su parametrización, así como el proceso de alta de órdenes de fabricación y análisis de datos históricos en un ejemplo basado en un caso real.Gómez Gasquet, P.; Díaz-Madroñero Boluda, FM.; Fraile Gil, F. (2016). La didáctica de la alineación de los procesos de producción en planta y la información a través de la herramienta MESView. En In-Red 2016. II Congreso nacional de innovación educativa y docencia en red. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2016.2016.4373OC

Analysis and evaluation of adaptive LDPC AL-FEC codes for content download services

This paper proposes the use of adaptive low density parity check (LDPC) application layer-forward error correction (AL-FEC) codes for content download services over erasure channels. In adaptive LDPC codes, clients inform the content download server of the losses they are experiencing. Using this information, the server makes forward error correction (FEC) parity symbols available to the client at an optimum code rate. This paper presents an analytical model of the proposed adaptive LDPC codes. The model is validated through measurements realized with an application prototype. In addition, results show the performance of these codes in different scenarios, compared to the performance of nonadaptive AL-FEC, optimum LDPC AL-FEC codes, and an almost ideal rateless code. Adaptive LDPC AL-FEC codes achieve download times similar to almost ideal rateless codes with less coding complexity, at the expense of an interaction channel between server and clients.De Fez Lava, I.; Fraile Gil, F.; Belda Ortega, R.; Guerri Cebollada, JC. (2012). Analysis and evaluation of adaptive LDPC AL-FEC codes for content download services. IEEE Transactions on Multimedia. 60(3):641-650. doi:10.1109/TMM.2012.2190392S64165060

Multi-tenant Data Management in Collaborative Zero Defect Manufacturing

[EN] This research paper describes different patterns and best practices to effectively implement multi-tenancy of production sensor data in collaborative applications. The paper explains the design considerations taken to support multi-tenancy in the Zero Defects Manufacturing Platform (ZDMP), using concrete collaborative use cases as an example. The main objective is to provide an overview of multi-tenancy as an enabler of collaborative use cases in digital manufacturing platforms, describe the different design patterns, the main trade-offs, and best practices.This work was supported in part by the European Commission under the Grant Agreement 825631. The author María Ángeles Rodríguez was supported by the Generalitat Valenciana (Conselleria de Educación, Investigación, Cultura y Deporte) under Grant-Agreement ACIF/2019/021.Fraile Gil, F.; Montalvillo, L.; Rodríguez-Sánchez, MDLÁ.; Navarro, H.; Ortiz Bas, Á. (2021). Multi-tenant Data Management in Collaborative Zero Defect Manufacturing. IEEE. 464-468. https://doi.org/10.1109/MetroInd4.0IoT51437.2021.948853446446

Trustworthy Industrial IoT Gateways for Interoperability Platforms and Ecosystems

[EN] The industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is having a significant impact in the manufacturing industry, especially in the context of horizontal integration of operational systems in factories as part of information systems in supply chains. Manufacturing companies can use this technology to create data streams along the supply chain that monitor and control manufacturing and logistic processes, to in the end make these data streams interoperable with other software systems and to enable smart interactions among supply chain processes. However, the provision of these data streams may expose manufacturing operational systems to cyber-attacks. Therefore, cybersecurity is a critical aspect to design trustworthy gateways, which are system components that implement interoperability mechanisms between operational systems and information systems. Gateways must provide security mechanisms at different system layers to minimize threats. This paper presents the Device Drivers security architecture: trustworthy gateways between operational technology and information technology used in the virtual factory open operating system (vf-OS) platform, which is a multisided platform orientated to manufacturing and logistics companies to enable collaboration among supply chains in all sectors. The main contribution of this paper is the evaluation of fallback mechanisms to improve resilience. In situations when the system may be under attack, the proposed mechanisms provide means to quickly recover component availability, by applying alternative security measures to minimize the threat at the same time. Other significant contributions are: a description of the threat model for Device Drivers, a presentation of the security countermeasures implemented in the vf-OS system, the mapping of the vf-OS response objectives to the different characteristics of a trustworthy system: security, privacy, reliability, safety, and resilience and how the proposed countermeasures complement this response.This work was supported by the European Commission under the Grant 723710. (Corresponding author: Francisco Fraile.)Fraile Gil, F.; Tagawa, T.; Poler, R.; Ortiz Bas, Á. (2018). Trustworthy Industrial IoT Gateways for Interoperability Platforms and Ecosystems. IEEE Internet of Things. 5(6):4506-4514. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2018.2832041S450645145

Android real-time audio communications over local wireless

This paper describes an Android mobile application that allows voice communications through short-range wireless networks, mainly Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. The application is able to replicate as close as possible the behavior of a two-way radio device. The application is designed to receive audio streams from multiple devices simultaneously and to send them. The main design considerations of the application, such as audio recording and playing, audio coding or data transmission, are explained through the paper.Belda Ortega, R.; Arce Vila, P.; De Fez Lava, I.; Fraile Gil, F.; Guerri Cebollada, JC. (2012). Android real-time audio communications over local wireless. Waves. (4):35-42. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/57677S3542